Anthem Essay 2 Essays

Anthem Essay 2 Essays Anthem Essay 2 Essay Anthem Essay 2 Essay Essay Topic: Anthem The theme of the book Anthem by Ayn Rand is the meaning of a man’s ego. This is the theme because in the book the people were not known as their own person, the group was referred to as one. In the book there were really strict rules to make sure everyone was equal. The people were not allowed to use the word ego. The people in the book were not known as one they were considered to be part of the group and the group was considered to be one. They called themselves us and we, not I and me. None of the group knew about the words I and me. Equality 7-2521 and Liberty 5-3000 discovered the words, I and me, at the end of the book and they decided that from then on they would use those words instead of us or we because it separated them from everyone else. After they discovered they discovered what ego was they realized how important it was. The people in Anthem had very strict rules because they wanted everyone to be equal. If you did something wrong you would be punished, like if you were writing in a secret journal, saying the word ego, knowing something that their â€Å"brothers† don’t, etc. epending on how bad they considered the sin to be would depict how extreme your punishment would be. Some things that people couldn’t help were considered sins too like if they were six or more feet tall. The people in the book weren’t allowed to use the word ego, the word ego was not allowed to be used because it showed individualism, it was known to be a huge sin and they would be killed for using it. At the end of the book they understand the power in the word and how important it is. The word which can never die on this earth, for it is the heart of it and the meaning and the glory. The sacred word: EGO† In conclusion the theme of the book Anthem by Ayn Rand is the meaning of a man’s ego. They had strict rules to try to keep everyone the same or equal. Each person was not considered one, they were not allowed to be individual and were forbidden to use the word ego. Reference Rand, Ayn. Page 105. Anthem. New York: Dutton, 1995. Print.

Netball Essay Example

Netball Essay Example Netball Essay Netball Essay My sport,being netball,is easy to identify strengths and weaknesses on the court due to the game being in quite a small area compared to games like rugby or football,and also doesnt have too many people on the court (7 players to each team), therefore its not hard to concentrate on all the players. Here,i am evaluating my strengths and weaknesses for certain aspects of my game. I play GA (Goal Attack) in netball,which is one of the most important positions on the court,due to it being an attacking player,it also 1 of the 2 layers that can shoot,so good shooting techniques and attacking is essential. Things like co-ordination,agility,balance,fats reactions,etc is vital when playing this position. Skills/Techniques My strength for this section would be co-ordination. I fell my co- ordination is strong as when i have the ball,i can concentrate on all the players ahead of me and more importantly,can focus on the players that i need to pass to to get the ball into the shooting circle. I can also throw the ball in the right spot for an oncoming player which doesnt waste time. My co-ordination strength would be shooting aswell,as my shooting is mostly perfect,if not i can always get the target,but its the case of perhaps not lifting the ball high enough if i miss. My weakness here would be agility. Even though i feel my agility is reasonably good,there is alot of room for improvement. If i have a good defence against me,it can be harder to change direction quickly as they are sticking by me constantly to prevent me getting the opportunity to shoot. In netball,it is vital to be able to move quickly,so this,i need to practice more to nable myself to challenge good defenders more than i do now. A perfect netball model would be incredibly agile and challenge all her opponents without struggle or effort. Strategies/Tactics One of my strengths for this section would be working with my neighbour positions (GS,WA and C). In our team we work well together and can all understand each other. I know when to recieve from the center or wing attack as we all need to ball to be recived by me or the GS to be able to score. I find it easy to get into the right spaces in our attacking third as there is no vercrowding in the attacking third and everyone is working together. I can create moves to confuse the defender whic gives the other attacking players time to get away from their defenders. My weakness would come under the fact that when the ball is coming down the court from our defenders,I sometimes tend to rush into the centre third to bring the ball up to the shooting area. This often causes abit of rushing in the centre third,panicking and confusion. It also prevents the team from getting the ball down to the shooting hird due to an extra player being in the centre third when they should be up in the shooting third. The perfect netball model would be aware of the space she needs to create and only move to the centre third when is absolutly necessary e. g the other attackers cannot get away from their defenders. Fitness Finally,i see fitness as the most important aspect of any physical game. My strength for fitness would be my muscular endurance. I rarely ever feel my muscles getting tired through a game as i have developed muscular trength and endurance over the years and as ive got older its become stronger. My muscles can work for a long period of time i feel,and even towards the end of a game i can use them just as much and they work just as well as in the beginning of a game. The strength of my muscles especially in my legs help me to jump to intercept passes from the opposing side or a rebound off the shooting post. My weakness however would be my cardiovascular fitness. I dont feel know where near as fit as i could be. I think my ardiovascular fitness isnt as good as it used to be due to not doing as much training as i used to. I think it is vital in an all important match,coming towards the end of the game and you need just a couple of goals to win,fitness can change a game. Improving my cardiovascular fitness will help me become a better player by being able to constantly be on my toes and 100% alert,therefore help the game become more fluent. A perfect netball model would have superb fitness as it is essential,and would be able to keep strong throughout the game.

Trusts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Trusts - Essay Example There are a number of benefits where trust is concerned. For instance, specific terms can be made hence controlling who or when distributions can be made (Ramjohn, 8). Agatha was a renowned business woman in London who was believed to be without parents and grew up in the streets. She had a fleet of public transit buses, 20 business stores, 5 clothing lines, and 30 restaurants among others. As fate would have it, she was diagnosed with cervical cancer final stages. Like any other person would do, she knew that she had to leave a responsible person to manage the assets. Her firstborn son was business oriented. Her youngest daughter was barely 16 years old. In her trust therefore, she let his son benefit from the business stores and the public transit buses only when he would marry and have at least one child. The rest of the property was a trust for her daughter Eva, after completing her master’s level of education so that she would be at a better position to manage. This infor mation was taken with great amazement by her children as none of them had any idea in the first place how much their mother had left for them. She had not shown any signs that she was leaving anything behind for them as they knew that she owned nothing much. Meanwhile, the family lawyer was left in charge of all property. A trust that is properly structured can protect an asset the creditors of the beneficiary or beneficiaries who are not at a position to wisely manage their money. A trust can also be allowed to change from a public record and become private (Watt & Todd, 20). Robert was brought up from a very rich background. However, due to peer influence and the fact that his parents never denied him anything, he turned out to be an arrogant man and a drunk. Unfortunately, his parents were involved in a road accident and were pronounced dead at the arrival of the hospital. As the only child, he was placed on a trust for the family business, a top cream 5 star hotel, only when he would stop taking alcohol and own up. When Robert learnt about the trust, he was taken aback. He never would have thought that his parents would ever make him a beneficiary for anything due to his irresponsible behavior. It took him a few days and Robert sought ways of becoming sober. The board of the hotel was therefore placed in charge until then (Watt & Todd, 45). Types of trusts Marital Trust- this is whereby the beneficiary is the surviving spouse. Adam, a mechanical engineer working for Ford Motors Company, has been overly ill. At the time of his date, he made a trust for his wife as a beneficiary of all his businesses which was approximated to be about a $2,000,000. This was done by Adam without his wife’s knowledge with his reason being that she may not carry his wishes to terms. He made his wife the beneficiary so that she would be at a position to educate their two children, Paul and Eva. Adam knew his wife too well and there was no other kin he had in mind to carry such obligations rather than his wife. Adam had not given his wife reason to believe that he would place a trust on for her. At first, his wife thought it was a big joke the minute she learnt about the figure placed in her trust. That is the time that she realized how much her husband believed in her. Charitable lead trust- This kind of trust allows some benefits or assets to go to charity and what remains can go to the beneficiaries (Clements & Ademola, 121). Thomas is a person who has worked at a number of hospitals. The last years of his living, he worked for Penzance hospital. He has several houses in St Ives and Penzance. In his will, Thomas decided to place a trust for charity in the Cornwall County. The charity was to

Land law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 5

Land law - Essay Example After the purchase of the land, certain claims were made by different parties, to which Glen was presumed to be unaware of. In this paper, various aspects as relevant to the justification of the claims, under the provisions of Land and Property Act 1925, Law of Property (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1989, Land Registration Act 2002 and Rent Charge Act 1977, will be discussed. Accordingly, following the elaboration of every detail related to the claims made, Glen will be adviced that are binding with the property. Subsequently, claims made unjustifiably will also be explained in a rational way hereunder. Discussion The Nature of the Interests Claimed After the purchase of Rosebud Cottage by Glen, Abdullah approached Glen and stated that he had a contract with Clifton and Barbara previously, which Glen was incidentally unaware of. However, the contract amid Clifton and Barbara and Abdullah was withdrawn by Abdullah himself due to low price. Subsequently, Abdullah is claiming that the contract made between Clifton, Barbara and him, should be compensated by Glen. The claim made by Abdullah in this context can be affirmed as inappropriate as the contract was between him and Clifton and Barbara. ... It was when Henrietta came to know that Glen has planned to expand the property by further two-storey extension, she claims her rights as per the provisions prescribed for restrictive covenants as per the Land Registration Act 2002. In this regard, Henrietta stated that the property is subjected to restrictive covenant rights, which signifies that there can be no modification in the property without her approval. Conceptually, a restrictive covenant is recognised as a promise imposed by one individual to another to restrict buyers from causing harm to the land purchased as per the Law of Property (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1989. In this respect, Henrietta as a covenant has a right to restrict Glen from altering the property [Crest Nicholson Residential (South) Limited v McAllister [2004] 1 WLR 2409]3. However, Henrietta is required to possess a written deed stating that she is entrusted with the provision of ensuring the protection of the property from harm on the basis of seller 4;5. Chelsea is the third individual making a claim to Glen that the property has been leased to her for a period of three years. In this regard, she also produced a document with the signature of Clifton and Barbara that it was signed in the month of July in the year 2013 and that the lease period will commence from 1st January 2014. The lease agreement with Chelsea implies that the real property has been transferred to her for a term of three years. In this respect, Glen may lose the property but could adopt certain legal measures and steps with the intention of obtaining compensation on the paid amount i.e. ?250,000 in the property transaction with Clifton and Barbara apart from enforcing other related

Article review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 13

Article review - Essay Example For example, whereas prize vases from the 4th century are engraved with Athena Polias, while the headings of alliances and treaties done on marble were engraved with Athena Parthenos. Athena personifies Athens not as a goddess but as a symbol of the city’s power (Murray, 1890). However, the Parthenos was not only symbolic if the city was partaking in an act of peace, such as the Parthenos holding the acrostolion. Usually, the Parthenos as used to personify Athens was a likeness of Pheidas’ earlier creation, in which she is taking the hand of an allied state. The author considers the likeness of the Parthenos as found on an engraved gem in Cyprus created during the 4th century. She represents Athens, standing in an aegis and helmet, while she has a spear and shield to her left, as well as a serpent to her left (Murray, 1890). However, this particular Athena digresses from the usual Parthenos as created by Pheidas, as she holds an acrostolion in her right hand, rather than a victory figure, such as that on the stern of a naval ship. The acrostolion was known as being symbolic of a naval victory. While there were other symbols of naval victories, such as the bronze mast with three gold stars at the corner or at an angle, the author contends that, the Athena gem from Cyprus symbolized a naval victory because the acrostolion was a well-known emblem for the same purpose (Murray, 1890). The writer also uses the example of a silver coin from Cyprus that also showed the Athena Parthenos used as a symbol of naval victory. In this case, the Athena is quite similar to that from the earlier example but sits on a ship’s prow as she holds the acrostolion in her right hand (Murray, 1890). The coin, he argues, is commemorative of a battle victory for a town in Cyprus aided by Athens. As he stated earlier, this coin could have been used to symbolize an alliance with the town, thus the use of Athena Parthenos. He also argues against the

Recurrent Airway Obstruction in Horse: Case Study Report

Recurrent Airway Obstruction in Horse: Case Study Report A 12-year-old Thoroughbred gelding was examined for a cough whilst being stabled over the winter. There was limited available turnout so the horse remained stabled on shavings in a stable barn. The horse was fed dry hay. There was no previous history of coughing. The clinical examination was unremarkable. The owner described an intermittent dry cough occurring at rest and exercise. At this time the owner was advised to introduce environmental changes to reduce dust exposure. The horse was moved to a stable away from the hay store and started on soaked hay. An inflammatory blood profile was taken which revealed no abnormalities. Despite implementation of environmental changes the cough persisted. The horse was re-examined two months later at the clinic. On this occasion the horse presented with a bilateral mucopurulent nasal discharge and persistent cough. The horse was tachypneic (25 breaths per minute) with increased abdominal effort; the remainder of the clinical examination was unremarkable. A re-breathing examination was performed to aid auscultation of abnormal lung sounds; there were no adventitious sounds and the trachea was normal on auscultation. Problem list Intermittent cough at exercise and at rest Mucopurulent nasal discharge Recurrent episodes Tachypneic Differential Diagnosis List Recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) Inflammatory airway disease Viral infection Bronchopneumonia Pulmonary neoplasia Lungworm The signalment and history alongside the clinical signs of coughing, nasal discharge, laboured respiratory effort and exercise intolerance in the absence of pyrexia, suggested RAO. An endoscopic examination of the upper and lower airways to assess tracheal secretions and to obtain a fluid sample for a tracheal wash was performed. Endoscopy revealed inflammation of the pharyngeal recess, mild lymphoid hyperplasia, erythema of the trachea and a thickened carina. The tracheal wash (TW) sample was mucoid. The cytology report from the TW indicated chronic irritation and inflammation however the cell populations were unable to indicate a specific underlying aetiology. Neutrophillic inflammation was not a strong feature; however low-moderate levels of macrophages and Curschman spirals were present, both of which can be associated with RAO. Bacterial culture yielded a scant growth of Enterobacter spp and Pasteurella spp sensitive to trimethoprim sulphonamides; treatment for a possible bacterial tracheitis was initiated alongside a mucolytic for the mucus present in the airway. Dembrexine hydrochloride (Sputolosin, Boerhinger Ingleheim) (0.3mg/kg q12h PO) and trimethoprim sulfadiazine (Trimediazine Plain, Vetquinol) (30mg/kg q12h PO) were administered for 10days followed by re-examination. A Broncho alveolar lavage (BAL) was advised in order to determine the presence of lower airway inflammation specifically; however the horse was improving and the client declined at this time. Improvement was seen initially however after 5months following initial presentation the cough and nasal discharge resumed. The clinical examination was again unremarkable. A thick muco-purulent TW sample was obtained which revealed marked neutrophilic inflammation >95% of the nucleated cells and a negative bacterial culture. These results were consistent with RAO and as a result treatment for RAO was initiated. Inhaled salbutamol (400ug q12h) followed 5minutes later by beclomethasone (3000ug q12h) for 6weeks. This was administered using a MDI and an AeroHippus, Equine Aerosol Chamber (Trundell Medical). A decision was made to perform a BAL 6weeks later to assess response to treatment. On re-examination the nasal discharge had ceased with a residual cough only at exercise. The BAL sample at this time revealed A residual cough persisted despite being on continuous treatment. As a result a Flexineb nebuliser was trialled. Dexamethasone was used as the inhaled agent; 0.5ml sterile water with 0.5ml dexamethasone (Dexadresson, Intervet) once daily for two weeks and then every other day for two weeks. Discussion RAO is a common disease of older usually stabled horses. Hotchkiss et al, 2007 reported an estimated disease prevalence of 14% in the UK (Hotchkiss et al, 2007). The history, signalment and clinical signs presented in this case supported a diagnosis of RAO (Leclere et al, 2011). The clinical signs most likely represent hypersensitivity/exaggerated response to inhaled pro-inflammatory agents such as hay dust, moulds, spores, forage mites, endotoxins and inorganic components which cause significant distal airway inflammation in susceptible horses (Robinson and Chairperson, 2001). The relative importance of these allergens in the aetiopathogenesis of RAO is difficult to determine; it’s likely all contribute through an additive and/or synergistic mechanism (Pirie et al, 2003). Endoscopic examination revealed excess mucus as a result of neutrophilic inflammation and a blunted carina due to oedema and remodelling (Koblinger et al, 2011). Changes within the airway result from mucus metaplasia, smooth muscle hypertrophy and fibrosis. Bronchospasm of the airway alongside mucus and neutrophil accumulation leads to obstruction (Robinson et al, 2000). The initial treatment with a mucolytic, dembrexine hydrochloride (Sputolosin, Boerhinger Ingleheim) initially provided improvement in clinical signs by fragmenting the sputum fibre network so reducing mucus viscoelasticity (Matthews, Hackett and Lawton, 1988). The owner was reluctant to perform a BAL initially due to the increased stress to the horse. The initial TW cytology couldn’t confirm a diagnosis despite the presence of Curschmann’s spirals which can indicate RAO (Reed and Bayly, 1998). Although it’s important to interpret culture results in light of cytology and clinical signs, paying less attention to scanty mixed growths of bacteria, the culture results were used to direct initial treatment for a possible bacterial tracheitis (McGorum, 2007). In this case where the clinical signs and signalment supported RAO a BAL alongside the TW would have provided a more reliable diagnosis. A BAL is more representative of the lower airways as it allows elucidation of the cellular response to lung injury (Derksen et al, 1989). Macrophages and lymphocytes are the predominant cell populations in BAL in normal horses whereas RAO is characterised by a non-septic inflammatory reaction, >25% neutrophils of the total nucleated cel l count (Robinson, 2001). Management of this disease involves three principles; environmental control to reduce allergens, corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and bronchodilators to relieve respiratory distress (Durham, 2001). It can be difficult to persuade owners that environmental changes are as important as medical treatment. In many cases clinical remission can be achieved by moving horses to either pasture or an indoor low-airborne dust environment (Vandenput et al, 1998). Green pasture is the best option to reduce clinical signs and horses should remain outdoors at all times with a supplementary pelleted diet; this was not practicable in this case (Jackson et al, 2000). The limited available turnout during winter made management problematic. Bedding on rubber matting in conjunction with cardboard and shredded paper provides the lowest dust levels for a stabled horse (Tanner et al, 1998). In most horses with RAO the main source of dust is from hay and bedding; in this case the horse had originally be en stabled adjacent to the hay barn. Soaking hay reduces the dust challenge however not sufficiently to resolve symptoms of RAO (Clements and Pirie, 2007). Treatment is based around a combination of bronchodilators and corticosteroids. Bronchodilators aim to alleviate respiratory distress associated with bronchospasm. Clenbuterol a B2 adrenergic agonist is most commonly administered orally to effect (Erichsen et al, 1994). In addition to its bronchodilator effect, clenbuterol has also been shown to have an anti-inflammatory effect (Lann et al, 2006). The efficacy of inhaled B2 adrenergic agonists has also been recognised, inducing a rapid, significant bronchodilation in horses demonstrating RAO (Bertin et al, 2011). Due to the effectiveness found with inhaled agents in human patients, this route was investigated in horses. By using bronchodilators prior to administration of corticosteroids a deeper penetration of inhaled drug can be achieved (Rush et al, 1998). The horse’s demeanour in this case made him suitable for inhaled medications and he tolerated treatment well. The advantage of inhaled corticosteroids is that a higher concentration of drug can be administered locally to the airways leading to a rapid onset of action, reducing the dose required and the subsequent side effects associated with corticosteroids (Duvvier et al, 1997). In severe cases systemic steroids are used initially to improve lung function as inhaled steroids require good pulmonary distribution to be effective (Ammann et al, 2008). MDI are not licensed for horses and therefore they were used with due consideration of the cascade and the owners informed consent for the use of off-label medications according to Section 4.17 of the Supporting Guidance to the RCVS Code of Professional Conduct (RCVS, 2014). They are most efficient and effective when used with a ‘spacer’ which directs flow of the drug through a one way valve which opens on inspiration. The AeroHippus EAC, (Trundell Medical) is designed to be used with a MDI. The presence of the Flow-Vu ® indicator enables owners to count the number of breaths the horse has taken through the chamber and ensures a satisfactory seal, both of which aid the correct and optimal delivery of the drug to the lungs (Trundell Medical International, 2015). Nebulisers can also be used to distribute aerosol medication. Nebulisation has been shown to improve drug concentration in the lungs while minimising systemic concentrations and potential toxicity (Sustronck et al, 1995). Fultz et al (2014) demonstrated that delivery via nebulization can increase the concentration of a drug in the pulmonary epithelial lining fluid (PELF) (Fultz et al, 2014). A Flexineb nebuliser was tried with this case due to its chronic nature and the clinical signs subsequently resolved. Although the mainstay of treatment is corticosteroids, recurrence of clinical signs will recur within 3days of treatment cessation if environment improvements are not made (Jackson et al, 2000). There is evidence of persistent chronic peripheral airway obstruction, in the absence of neutrophilic airway inflammation, even when RAO cases are maintained in a low dust environment. This supports the evidence for development of irreversible ultrastructural changes in the lung induced by prolonged repeated exacerbation, but also low grade airway inflammation (Miskovic et al, 2007). In these cases thoracic radiographs should be used to rule out irreversible lung pathology (Lavoie et al, 2004). Bibliography Ammann, V., Vrins, A. and Lavoie, J. (1998). Effects of inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate on respiratory function in horses with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Equine Veterinary Journal, 30(2), pp.152-157. Bertin, F., Ivester, K. And Couà «til, L. (2011). Comparative efficacy of inhaled albuterol between two hand-held delivery devices in horses with recurrent airway obstruction. Equine Veterinary Journal, 43(4), pp.393-398. Clements, J. and Pirie, R. (2007). Respirable dust concentrations in equine stables. Part 2: The benefits of soaking hay and optimising the environment in a neighbouring stable. Research in Veterinary Science, 83(2), pp.263-268. Derksen, F., Brown, C., Sonea, I., Darien, B. and Robinson, N. (1989). Comparison of transtracheal aspirate and bronchoalveolar lavage cytology in 50 horses with chronic lung disease. Equine Veterinary Journal, 21(1), pp.23-26. Durham, A. (2001). Update on therapeutics for obstructive pulmonary diseases in horses. In Practice, 23(8), pp.474-481. Duvivier, D., Votion, D., Vandenput, S. and Lekeux, P. (1997). Aerosol therapy in the equine species. The Veterinary Journal, 154(3), pp.189-202. Fairbairn, S., Lees, P., Page, C. and Cunningham, F. (1993). Duration of antigen-induced hyperresponsiveness in horses with allergic respiratory disease and possible links with early airway obstruction. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 16(4), pp.469-476. Fultz, L., Giguà ¨re, S., Berghaus, L., Grover, G. and Merritt, D. (2014). Pulmonary pharmacokinetics of desfuroylceftiofur acetamide after nebulisation or intramuscular administration of ceftiofur sodium to weanling foals. Equine Vet Journal, [article first published online 5 September 2014] Hotchkiss, J., Reid, S. and Christey, R. (2007). A survey of horse owners in Great Britain regarding horses in their care. Part 1: Horse demographic characteristics and management. Equine Veterinary Journal, 39(4), pp.294-300. Hoffman, A. (2008). Bronchoalveolar Lavage: Sampling Technique and Guidelines for Cytologic Preparation and Interpretation. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice, 24(2), pp.423-435. Gerber, V., King, M., Schneider, D. and Robinson, N. (2000). Tracheobronchial mucus viscoelasticity during environmental challenge in horses with recurrent airway obstruction. Equine Veterinary Journal, 32(5), pp.411-417. Jackson, C.A., Berney, C., Jefcoat, A.M. and Robinson, N.E. (2000). Environment and prednisone interactions in the treatment of recurrent airway obstruction (heaves). Equine Veterinary Journal. 32, pp432-438. Koblinger, K., Nicol, J., McDonald, K., Wasko, A., Logie, N., Weiss, M. and Là ©guillette, R. (2011). Endoscopic Assessment of Airway Inflammation in Horses. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 25(5), pp.1118-1126. Laan, T., Bull, S., Pirie, R. and Fink-Gremmels, J. (2006). The anti-inflammatory effects of IV administered clenbuterol in horses with recurrent airway obstruction. The Veterinary Journal, 171(3), pp.429-437. Lavoie, J., Dalle, S., Breton, L. and Hà ©lie, P. (2004). Bronchiectasis in Three Adult Horses with Heaves. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 18(5), pp.757-760. Leclere, M., Lavoie-Lamoureux, A. and Lavoie, J. (2011). Heaves, an asthma-like disease of horses. Respirology, 16(7), pp.1027-1046. Matthews, A., Hackett, I. and Lawton, W. (1988). The mucolytic effect of Sputolosin in horses with respiratory disease. Veterinary Record, 122(5), pp.106-108. McGorum, B. (2007). Equine respiratory medicine and surgery. Saunders Elsevier. (5) pp565-590 Miskovic, M., Couà «til, L. and Thompson, C. (2007). Lung Function and Airway Cytologic Profiles in Horses with Recurrent Airway Obstruction Maintained in Low-Dust Environments. Journal Veterinary Internal Medicine, 21(5), p.1060. Pirie, R., Collie, D., Dixon, P. and McGorum, B. (2003). Inhaled endotoxin and organic dust particulates have synergistic proinflammatory effects in equine heaves (organic dust-induced asthma). Clinical Experimental Allergy, 33(5), pp.676-683 Rcvs.org.uk, (2014). 4. Veterinary medicines RCVS. [online] Available at: http://www.rcvs.org.uk/advice-and-guidance/code-of-professional-conduct-for-veterinary-surgeons/supporting-guidance/veterinary-medicines/ [Accessed 18 Feb. 2015]. Reed, S. and Bayly, W. (1998). Equine internal medicine. Philadelphia: Saunders. Chapter 9, pp341 Robinson, N.E., Olszewski, M.A., Boehler, D., Berney, C., Hakala, J., Matson, C. and Derksen, F.J. (2000). Relationship between clinical signs and lung function in horses with recurrent airway obstruction (heaves) during a bronchodilator trial. Equine Veterinary Journal. 32, pp393-400. Robinson, N. and Chairperson, W. (2001). International Workshop on Equine Chronic Airway Disease Michigan State University 16-18 June 2000. Equine Veterinary Journal, 33(1), pp.5-19. Rush, B., Raub, E., Rhodes, W. S., et al. (1998). Pulmonary function in horses with recurrent airway obstruction after aerosol and parenteral administration of beclomethasone dipropionate and dexamethasone, respectively. American Journal of Veterinary Research, 59, pp1039-1043 Sustronck, B., Deprez, P., Muylle, E., Vermeersch, H., Vandenbossche, G. and Remon, J. (1995). Evaluation of the nebulisation of sodium ceftiofur in the treatment of experimental Pasteurella haemolytica bronchopneumonia in calves. Research in Veterinary Science, 59(3), pp.267-271. Tanner, M., Swinker, A., Traub-Dargatz, J., Stiffler, L., McCue, P., Vanderwall, D., Johnson, D. and Vap, L. (1998). Respiratory and environmental effects of recycled phone book paper versus sawdust as bedding for horses. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 18(7), pp.468-476. Trundell Medical International (2015) AeroHippus. http://www.trundellmed.com/animal-health/aerohippus [4 February 2015] Vandenput, S., Duvivier, D., Votion, D., Art, T. and Lekeux, P. (1998). Environmental control to maintain stabled COPD horses in clinical remission: effects on pulmonary function. Equine Veterinary Journal, 30(2), pp.93-96.

The Silence of the Lambs - Hannibal Lecter, American Idol Essay

The Silence of the Lambs - Hannibal Lecter, American Idol Few modern horror movies have matched the critical acclaim of Jonathan Demme's 1991 The Silence of the Lambs, featuring Anthony Hopkins as Dr. Hannibal Lecter, the cannibal psychiatrist. The film, along with Alfred Hitchock's Psycho (1960), is one of few horror/suspense films accepted by movie critics as one of the best American films ever produced. However, as the trilogy of movies in the Hannibal Lecter series progressed, many feared that the character would become commercialized, as he has in many ways. In the two subsequent films, Ridley Scott's sequel, Hannibal (2001), and Brett Ratner's 2002 prequel, Red Dragon, Lecter often seems more of a parody of himself, playing up the larger-than-the-screen status bestowed upon him after Anthony Hopkins's superior performance in Lambs. While many critics were upset at the â€Å"commercialization† of one of the greatest characters in the history of American cinema, an even more interesting change may be indicated through the character's acceptance in mainstream culture. Hannibal Lecter is a different type of cannibal monster than those previously seen in horror films, as shown through his motivations and criminal actions, and has been accepted by the audience as an â€Å"anti-hero† instead of the antagonist of the movie. Cannibalism has become a prevalent theme in horror movies since the 1960s. According to Robin Wood, â€Å"[t]he cannibalism motif functions in two ways. Occasionally, members of a family devour each other [ . . . ]. More frequently, cannibalism is the family's means of sustaining or nourishing itself† (84). The latter theme has been seen throughout several movies, including Tobe Hooper's cult classic The ... ..., both the intellectual and the primal self. And, whether most viewers would admit it or not, he is, in many ways, the type of person we are encouraged to be. Works Cited Ebert, Roger. â€Å"The Silence of Lambs.† Chicago Sun-Times. 14 Feb. 1991. Gregory, Bettina. â€Å"Hannibal Lecter: The Honey in the Lion's Mouth.† American Journal of Psychotherapy 56.1 (2002): 100-14. Martingale, Moira. Cannibal Killers: The History of Impossible Murders. New York: Carroll, 1993. Sagan, Eli. Cannibalism: Human Aggression and Cultural Form. New York: Harper, 1974. Sanday, Peggy Reeves. Divine Hunger: Cannibalism as a Cultural System. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1986. The Silence of the Lambs. Dir. Jonathan Demme. Orion, 1991. Wood, Robin. â€Å"The American Nightmare: Horror in the '70s.† Hollywood from Vietnam to Reagan. New York: Columbia UP, 1986.

As Said by Mark Twain

Eiffel Tower, built in 1889 and named after its designer and engineer Gustave Eiffel is one of the most famous architectural structure in the world. ————————————————- Eiffel Tower is observation & radio broadcasting tower, it is 324 meters tall, and tallest building in Paris, also second tallest in the whole of France. It was also tallest man-made structure of the world from 1889 to 1930. Stonehenge, United Kingdom Stonehenge is an amazing structure built of standing stones in a circular form.It is one of the most ancient structures of the world, believed to built before 2000 B. C. Stonehenge has been destroyed several times, and the present day structure is believed to be remains of the structure built in 1600 B. C. ————————————————- Stonehenge is owned by Th e Crown and is also a  UNESCO  World Heritage Site. It is managed by English Heritage and National Trust. Saint Basil's Cathedral, Russia Saint Basil's Cathedral is a Russian Orthodox Church built in 16th century in Moscow. It is operated as State Historical Museum and is a property of Russian Federation.The design of the building forms a shape like that of flame of bonfire rising to the sky. ————————————————- Saint Basil's Cathedral is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Leaning Tower of Pisa, Italy Leaning Tower of Pisa is a unique structure, leaned at one side. It is campanile in the Italian city of Pisa. ————————————————- The Tower is 56. 70 high, 4. 09m wide and leaned at 3. 99 degrees. The construction of the tower started in 1173 and was completed in 1372. T he tower has eight stories, including chamber of bells.It was not planned originally as a something like this, but during the construction it started leaning, and today although it weighs more than 14,000 metric tons, miraculously and proudly stands as one of the most beautiful structures of the world. Statue of Liberty, United States of America The  Statue of Liberty  is a sculpture of Libertas, Roman Goddess of Freedom, situated in United States of America. The statue designed by Frederic Bartholdi, was a gift from People of France to USA. The statue was inscribed on July 4, 1776, on the date of American Declaration of Independence.There is a broken chain at the feet of the statue, representing icon of freedom of United States. ————————————————- The statue is 93 meters high and has more than 3 million visitors annually. It is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Christ The Redeemer, Brazil Christ The Redeemer, located in Brazil, is one of the Seven Wonders of the World, it is also the fifth largest statue of Jesus Christ, and largest Art Deco statue in the World. ————————————————- Built between 1921 and 1931, The statue is 39. 6m. tall, 30m wide, and weighs over 600 tonnes.

The Art of Casting †Theology Essay

The Art of Casting – Theology Essay Free Online Research Papers The Art of Casting Theology Essay Gene was the embodiment of the movie â€Å"A River Runs Through It†. He was an expert in the art of fly casting. He even tied his own flies. I longed to learn the art of fly casting from him. But, alas, we moved from North Dakota and I never did learn to fly cast. What comes to your mind when you hear the word â€Å"casting†? It has many interesting and varied uses. The Word of God instructs us in the art of casting in many scriptures. Jesus even taught His disciples how to cast their nets for a great catch of fish. (Luke 5:5; John 21:6) How much time, work, and energy we would save if we would follow the Lord’s direction and in faith and obedience cast our net where He tells us. There is much benefit and blessing in casting according to the Word of God. Let’s consider some areas where the Bible teaches the benefits of the art of casting. CASTING AWAY STONES is sometimes necessary. Solomon tells us that there is a time for everything. â€Å"A time to cast away stones and a time to gather stones . . . a time to tear down and a time to rebuild† (Ecclesiastes 3:1-8). Perhaps your seasonal time is to cast away stones and rebuild. It could be your business, your marriage, your ministry, or your life. It could mean casting away the stones in your heart. But when you rebuild, make sure you start by taking â€Å"the stone that the builders rejected† – Jesus the Chief Cornerstone. He alone can give you the lasting stability that you need. (Matthew 21:41; I Peter 2:4-7; Isaiah 57:13-14) FORCASTING the weather has become an acceptable science. Jesus rebuked those who forecast the weather by the signs of the sky, but would not perceive and believe the signs of His return to this earth. The prophecies in the Word of God forecast the coming of Christ for His Church. (Matthew 16:1-4; 24; I Thessalonians 5:1-9) Study the forecast. CASTING YOUR CARES AND BURDENS ON THE LORD is the way of peace. â€Å"Casting your care on Him for He cares for you† (I Peter 5:7). You don’t need to carry your heavy burdens. Cast them on the Lord. Why? He cares about you and He is strong enough to carry them. (Psalm 55:22) Perhaps you need to do some casting right now. Go ahead. CAST NOT AWAY YOUR CONFIDENCE. The Israelites of old missed out on the promised land because they doubted God’s ability and intention to bring them into the land. Put your confidence in the Lord. He is able. â€Å"Therefore do not cast away your confidence which has great recompense of reward† (Hebrews 10:35-38 KJV). It is not a time to draw back – but to draw near. CASTING FOR A THEATRICAL PRODUCTION IS DECIDED BY TALENT AND BEAUTY. But Jesus chose the cast of His disciples, mostly from simple, unlearned men. One of my most memorable Easters was while pastoring in South Dakota. That Easter my wife directed a production of â€Å"The Last Supper†. The cast was not made up of professional actors, but rough rugged men. Vern was a meat-cutter who was battling cancer. Being in the production had special meaning to him as a new believer. When the 12 disciples were told by Jesus that one of them would betray Him, they, one by one asked, â€Å"Master is it I?† The narrative of the play was very moving. You could feel the very presence of God. Shortly after the production, Vern went home to be with the Lord. Like the 12 disciples, these men in the cast were unlikely to be chosen by a professional director. But the followers of Christ’s cast are not chosen by talent or appearance, but by the grace and mercy of God.  "For by grace are you saved by faith and that not of yourselves, it is the gift of God, not of works, lest any man should boast† (Ephesians 2:8-9 KJV). â€Å"CAST YOUR BREAD UPON THE WATERS and after many days it shall return† (Ecclesiastes 11:1). Jesus amplified Solomon’s advice. â€Å"Give and it shall be given to you, pressed down shaken together and running over† (Luke 6:38). Do you want to be blessed? Cast your bread, your substance on the waters. CASTING YOUR SINS behind His back is God’s promise for those who repent and confess them. (Isaiah 38:17) â€Å"If we confess our sins, He is faithful and just to forgive our sins and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness† (I John 1:9-10). He will cast our sins as far as the east is from the west. (Psalm 103:12) CASTING OUR CROWNS before the One who died for us and arose victorious will be a privileged act of worship in heaven. (Revelation 4:9-10) God makes all of those who receive Christ kings and priests. We will cast those crowns before the Lamb of God who made us worthy by His blood. (I Peter 2:9; Revelation 1:6; 5:10) Don’t wait until heaven – cast your crown before Him now in praise, thanksgiving, and worship. As we practice the art of casting, God’s benefits will overtake us and bless us. (Psalm 103) Jesus is Lord. Research Papers on The Art of Casting - Theology EssayRiordan Manufacturing Production PlanCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayHip-Hop is ArtThe Spring and AutumnComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementThe Hockey GameAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2Incorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in Capital

Inequality and American Democracy

Inequality and American Democracy Introduction The Americans are globally famous for their relentless support for democratic governance. Jacobs et al asserts that the ideals of democratically responsive governance are highly cherished by the American people (3). Ironically, the situation is markedly different within the American government even as they actively support democracy in other countries. With the growing inequality issues in the country, the ideals of democratic governance have been highly compromised.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Inequality and American Democracy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The major disparities existing are mostly noticeable within the public domain (Jacobs et al. 3). Primarily, the issue is about income differences, opportunities for wealth creation and equal citizenship (Jacobs et al. 3). These gaps are growing rapidly in the United States compared to any other country in the world. Yet the US still considers h erself the world’s greatest advocates of democracy. The American government is making little or no progress in the efforts to realize the democratic ideals set forth by the founding fathers of the nation. Equal rights The American society is the most culturally diverse in the world and this comes with a number of challenges as well. There were steps made to achieve equality in the 1950s and 1960s at the height of racism. Racial segregation and exclusion became illegal and socially unacceptable hence moving a step towards equality (Jacobs et al. 4). This allowed the white and black community to access education in the same schools and get access to health services in the same health facilities. This was a good gesture towards democratic governance. It is also worth noting that major gender based barriers started to break down during the same time and women were empowered to pursue academic, political, and economic opportunities just as men did (Jacobs et al. 4). Other marginal ized groups like the Latin Americans also got access to equal rights on an equal footing with the rest of the Americans. Notably, the previous barriers that promoted inequalities such as race, gender, ethnicity to mention but a few do not exist today. Nonetheless, new barriers that are fostering inequality in the American society have emerged and they are rapidly spreading within the government and the country at large posing a threat to the realization of democracy. The greatest of these barriers is the gaps in income and wealth between the Americans (Jacobs et al. 4). The gap between the rich and the poor is greatly increasing owing to disparities in income especially in the private and the civil sectors. This gap is increasingly creating a major segregation in the job market as well as in schools and colleges. Apparently, the rich and the wealthy are better positioned to cease opportunities that are out of reach for the middle and lower income classes. Consequently, the rich are in a position to get richer while limiting access to resources by the poor man. That is why the saying that the rich will continue to get rich while the poor man becomes poorer is very true.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Some element of racist treatments is also present in school among students. In America today, one has to work very hard in order to maintain his or her current economic position (Jacobs et al. 5). One would expect that through hard work, there would be an upward mobility in the economic ladder but that is not normally the case in the US. Inequality in contributions on national matters Voicing the needs of the American people has never been easy and only a selected few can do this. The opportunity to exercise one’s right in the US does not come easily as there are factors that influence the ear of the government. These factors include a high income, occupational or career success, and high levels of academic achievements (Jacobs et al. 4). Members who fit in these criteria are more likely to participate in political, social, and economic decision-making process than the ordinary citizen is. Government officials are more likely to listen to the needs of such elite citizens and deliver on their demands more promptly. Unfortunately, this is the bitter truth and the reality of the American government amidst its call for democratic governance around the world. Voting turnout has also declined since the beginning of the 21st century when the income gap began to grow rapidly. Statistics show that the majority who vote are also the elite while the low-income earners decline to exercise their democratic right to cast their votes. How does the decline of voter turnout relate to inequality? A number of decisive factors discourage or make the voting process a struggle for the electorate. The economic inequality is a major factor that disc ourages the less economically privileged eligible voters from voting. There are also some laws in some states that forbid the minority from voting and a good example is the law forbidding prisoners and former prisoners from voting (Verba, Lehman, and Brady 1). In addition, the current methods of campaigns are keen on raising funds and persuading the already existing voters to vote. A more different approach is necessary to woo the non-voting yet eligible voters to get out and exercise their rights. Through campaign contributions, the rich and wealthy folks have a leeway to express and voice their demands as the platform gives them an advantage over the poor folks. Today, one can only gain justice and political influence through money and affluence thus leaving the poor man out of the standard bar. The least contributors in the national campaigns are the poor ordinary citizens while the few political donors are in charge in the political arena due to their financial influence. In ord er to exercise the rights of citizenship, one requires resources and skills. These requirements are only accessible to the wealthy hence the inequality. People with higher education and great careers such as doctors and lawyers among other professional have more confidence to speak compared to an ordinary citizen working as subordinate staff. Naturally, the nature of American politics gives no voice to the poor while the rich and affluent get enough attention at the expense of the poor man.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Inequality and American Democracy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Jacobs et al argues that three quarters of the well-off citizens are in one way or another associated with an organization that has great influence on the political arena (10). They also noted in their research that half of the wealthiest people in America are in contact with public officials. This gives the rich double access to pu blic resources compared to the middle and low-income earners in the US (Freeman). Government responses Government officials are highly influenced by the privileged citizens. The response of the government today in America no longer represents the will of the majority. A selected few wealthy men and women determine the future of the vast majority which is not a principle of democracy. Money has become the essential for government attention. Ironically, the already wealthy and advantaged citizens who are able to take care of themselves are the most catered for by the government. Democratic rule should ensure equality and fairness with the majority influencing the political stands. Nonetheless, in America, it is a reversed role since the minorities hold the realms of power while the majorities ride under the mercies of the few wealthy citizens. Through money, the wealthy establish relationships with government officials creating a connection that enables them to access national resourc es that are out of the ordinary peoples reach. This gives them a further advantage despite the fact that they already have an advantage over the poor with their wealth and money. This disparity is among the issues that are widening the gap between the rich and the poor. The gap grows wider because the more one earns, the more they gain access to resources and consequently the further the resources get away from the poor man’s reach. The effect is cyclic in that one direction influences the other. The affluent also influence government policies as well and normally, policies will always consider the needs and demands of the wealthy business communities and organized groups (Frankenberg, Orfield, and Lee). The government is always bias when responding to national issues normally bending to the side that favors the rich (Skrentny). The government is moving towards a more tragic direction by allowing a few affluent individuals to take the country hostage. The lack of spread oppor tunities and the gap between the rich and the poor is a disastrous condition in any economy. What this does is that the ordinary citizen will get discouraged and be reluctant to participate in national activities. This may include voting and working, which contributes to the national financial muscles, to mention but a few. Conclusion In the United States of America, democracy is only known theoretically and not as a practical state of affair. This paper has established the facts about government inequality and bias treatment of its citizens. The striking income disparity in the country is not a good example of a democratic nation since it is in contradiction with the idea of democracy. In the above research, it is clear that democracy is not as easy to achieve as it sounds and the quality of political leaders as well as the political will to pursue democratic governance highly counts.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The financial gap between the American citizens is creating a division not only affecting social interaction but also economic and political well-being. The voter turnout for instance has been on the decline since the beginning of the 21st century just when the gap begun to build up. This clearly means that income disparities greatly influence the political structure of a country. Democracy is a good leadership model that allows for equal social, economic, and political opportunities for all citizens without favoritism. The government under democratic principles must always work towards engaging the majority rule and open access of power and influence to the majority as opposed to a select few. That is the real essence of democratic governance. Frankenberg, Erica, Chumgmei Lee, and Gary Orfield. A Multiracial Society with Segregated Schools: Are We Losing the Dream? Cambridge, MA: Harvard Civil Rights Project, 2002. Print. Freeman, Richard. Working under Different Rules. A National Bureau of Economic Research Project Report, New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation, 1994. Print. Jacobs, Lawrence, and Robert Shapiro. Politicians Don’t Pander Political Manipulation and the Loss of Democratic Responsiveness, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000. Print. Jacobs, Lawrence et al. American Democracy in an Age of Rising Inequality.  Task Force on Inequality and American Democracy American Political Science Association. 5 Sep. 2012. Web. Skrentny, John. The Minority Rights Revolution, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2002. Print. Verba, Sidney, Kay Lehman, and Henry Brady. Voice and Equality: Civic Voluntarism in American Politics, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1995. Print.

Case study analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Case study analysis - Essay Example The APNPs are also expected to provide quality indicators that will assure the parents of the continued health of their children. They are however expected to act within a preset guideline that allows for structured assessment as required by the health regulators. It should also be noted that assessment is not a singular event that takes place when a child is brought in. instead, it is a continuous assessment process that dynamically changes in regard of the symptoms or results achieved with every assessment (American Academy of Paediatrics 2009:1233). It should be noted that an infant should be considered as sick unless it can be otherwise proven. This means that the APNP will have to get a good history of the illness and work on eliminating any possible illnesses until the most appropriate for the conditions observed after the assessments. As observed, child assessment is not a one-day affair. It is a continuous process that requires constant attention and keenness not to miss any cues or subtle signals that may pass unnoticed during initial testing (Barnes 2003:5). Thus, the report herein will look at the different attributes of the paediatric section and ways through which countries and researchers' advice on taking care of the children. To do this, the best method would be conducting an online search with the terms paediatric, emergency department, requirements and clinic being the key terms of reference. The search would be differentiated by how relevant the articles are on the topic of discussion. The results would then be used to provide an episodic care treatment for the sick Serena. Priorities At the moment, there are two important priorities that must take precedence in the case. First, a structured assessment is required. As noted above, the need for a continuous assessment is paramount with every step taken with deeper precaution. The dynamic nature of this assessment is also an integral part of the whole treatment regime (American Academy of Paedi atrics 2009:1233). Given the fact that particular signs and symptoms may not be as readily expressed as those of an adult or as an adult would express them, repeated observations and assessments require proper attention and vigilance to avoid a relapse or worsening of the present conditions. The paediatrics are supposed to ensure that that they have put all measures that point towards quality improvement by providing an avenue through which indicators of good outcomes, proper data collection and synthesis and clearly defined outcomes that provide evaluative measures of success to ensure quality is maintained in the ED (Barnes 2003:8-9). This also implies that paediatrics have to be flexible enough in their response to the different signs and symptoms that the child portrays after a given interval. This flexibility is also meant as an avenue through which the doctors consult on certain issues that may have arisen from their assessment and also eliminate other possibilities. The secon d priority is to have her admitted. Safety is one of the most important considerations when a child is involved. The fact that any release could lead to more fatal effects or worsening of the conditions already stated should be a pointer enough that there need to be a greater caution when dealing with infants. Unless the APNP is assured of the infant’s safety, Serena should remain in their custody till

Dynamics of Managerial Accounting Process Research Paper

Dynamics of Managerial Accounting Process - Research Paper Example The research will focus on practical solutions that are dynamic to cater for structural weaknesses in an organization’s management and communication of information. Dynamics of an organization’s management provides for a comprehensive introduction of constraints to managerial accounting and decision-making efficiency in profit and non-profit oriented organizations. Organizations are desperately in need of a supportive and fully integrated accounting system that enables efficient communication of accounting information for vital managerial decision-making. Changes in management accounting take place in a variety of dimensions that are of an irregular nature. However, organizations need to adapt their management accounting tasks, techniques, skills, and tools to the relevant dynamics. The study seeks to analyze management accounting practices to come up with functional solutions in adopting the continual changes concerning the practice. Solutions need to influence managem ent accountants to advance and adopt their practices to be able to relate management accounting to information flow that is wider within the organization. Nevertheless, current dynamics depict shifts from financial accounting practices to those oriented to commerce. However, irrespective of the dynamics, the study recognizes that traditional managerial accounting practices such as cost control, interpretation of operational information, and management budgeting remain essential. The research seeks to represent continuous improvement of managerial accounting with the necessity of adopting a broad view of commerce. Study expectations are directed towards the adoption of non-financial measures where users are able to integrate both non-financial and financial measures into planned strategic activities. Study expectations to solutions also require that managers should embrace ethics in carrying out their day-to-day tasks besides developing quality leadership skills. On the other hand, f uture managerial accounting techniques and tools are expected to be activity-based and forward-looking. The study would also reveal value creation tools that appear to be important for future managerial accounting. Review of Literature Managerial Accounting Dynamics According to Hopwood and Chapman (2009, p. 1222), the manners in which organizations manage various dimensions of change bring about significant implications for managerial accounting dynamics and innovations to changing perspectives. The organization has to understand different types of changes such as predictable and unpredictable, controllable and non-controllable, evolutionary and revolutionary, and comprehensive and incremental among many other types. An understanding of the various types of changes is not only good for organizations, but also a necessity to achieving efficient management. Managerial accounting process is dynamic in nature just like the world dynamics, in order for users of accounting information to remain relevant in future and the present day dynamics the organization needs to have a thorough understanding of the existing change dynamics. Managerial accounting dynamics necessitate organizations to spend resources on solution alternatives to enable standardization of existing accounting tools, skills, and