Legalization Of Same Sex Marriage - 1256 Words

In the summer of 2015 the U.S supreme court ruled in favor to legalize same-sex marriage in all the fifty states .This was a huge change in the world and this difference was made because of popular case which is called the Obergefell v. Hodges (2015). This very important case involved â€Å"14 same-sex couples and two men whose same-sex partners are deceased† in this case the couples argued that the â€Å"state officials violated [their] 14th amendment by denying them the right to marry or to have marriages lawfully performed in another state given full recognition and also violated their equal protection Clause.† The supreme court ruled in favor for this case because in the 14th Amendment it clearly declares that all people should have â€Å"equal protection under the law†, regardless of race, ethnicity, or sexuality.(source 2, pg.1) The supreme court also appealed the Sixth Circuit reversed and had all states recognize same-sex marriage. Based on this information I will be conducting a research on why the 14th Amendment guarantees equal protection under the law and why it should also include same sex-marriage. In order for me to thoroughly accomplish this paper, I will be examining the details from this case, and reviewing the final decision as well as the 14h amendment to be able to get really valuable information and to also be able to use it to prove my point and make it very clear to the audience.I will also be explaining how this issue is very important to society and how theShow MoreRelatedLegalization Of Same Sex Marriage Essay963 Words   |  4 PagesKaye Shannelle Romuar Alfritz Arevalo Angelika Figueroa Legalization of Same-Sex Marriage I. Introduction Same-sex marriage can also be called gay marriage. This is a marriage between two males or two females, in either a religious setting or in a civil ceremony. Same-sex unions are recorded in the history of a number of cultures but this type of marriage is rare, or doesn’t exist in other cultures .The first law that provided same-sex marriage for the people was in 2001 in the Netherlands. As of JulyRead MoreLegalization Of Same Sex Marriage1594 Words   |  7 PagesWhy The Nationwide Legalization Of Same Sex Marriage Will Greatly Benefit The Economy Same-sex marriage has been a long debated issue in the United States. Since the nationwide legalization of same-sex marriage in countries such as Holland, Belgium, and Canada American gay couples have been pushing harder for equal marriage rights under the law. Opponents claim that allowing same-sex unions would not only lead to less stable marriages and higher divorce rates for heterosexual couples, but also precipitateRead MoreThe Legalization Of Same Sex Marriage930 Words   |  4 Pagesof legalizing same-sex marriage all across the nation, after years of social, political, and cultural mobilizations of members of the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) community and allies. However, this achievement is not an end it itself. Leaders of the marriage equality movement, as well as community members, ask: Now what? This proposed project attempts to provide an answer for this question by looking at the perceived impact of the legalization of same-sex marriage among Black LG BTsRead MoreThe Legalization Of Same Sex Marriage938 Words   |  4 PagesRights To All Most people believe that they deserve the rights they are granted by the government. A citizen who pays their taxes, serves their community and abides by the law should be afforded the same rights as any American. However, not all citizens are afforded equal rights. Lesbians, gays, bi-sexual, and transgender (LGBT) are consistently denied rights that are typically taken for granted by the average American. Specifically, gay and lesbians couples are denied the right to marry even ifRead MoreThe Legalization Of Same Sex Marriage2317 Words   |  10 PagesCavataio PHL 118: Intro to Philosophy 8/14/14 Gary Fuller One of the most heated and debated topics today is the legalization of same-sex marriage. No matter where you look, people are always expressing their opinion on this issue. Politicians, athletes, and celebrities are some of the many people who continually come out with either support or opposition of same-sex marriage. History has shown that issues regarding equality and rights take time to move forward. The women’s suffrage movementRead MoreThe Legalization Of Same Sex Marriage1091 Words   |  5 PagesThe legalization of same-sex marriage is a hot topic in the U.S. approving, it in all fifty states can be harmful to the country. Same-sex marriage should not have been legalized in the United States. First, legalizing can be harmful to the society, Second, same-sex marriage it always denies a child a father or a mother, Third, legalizing It Offends some religions and violates tradition. In addition, It means all citizens should have understood of the consequences before maki ng the decision. OneRead MoreThe Legalization Of Same Sex Marriage1411 Words   |  6 PagesNikta Kalatari Writing Assignment #1 The proposead legalization of same-sex marriage is one of the most significant issues in contemporary American family law. Presently, it is one of the most vigorously advocated reforms discussed in law reviews, one of the most explosive political questions facing lawmakers, and one of the most provocative issues emerging before American courts. If same-sex marriage is legalized, it could be one of the most revolutionary policy decisions in the history of AmericanRead MoreThe Legalization Of Same Sex Marriage1294 Words   |  6 Pages The Legalization of Homosexual Marriage Brandon Taylor Wichita State University Gay marriage, also known as homosexual or same-sex marriage, has been a major topic in our country ever since it was allowed in Massachusetts whenever the state’s Supreme Court ruled the ban as unconstitutional. It was legalized in thirty seven of the fifty states before the Supreme Court’s ruling on June 26, 2015 that it was unconstitutional to deny marriage to a same sex couple (ProCon.org, 2015). The Merriam-WebsterRead MoreLegalization Of Same Sex Marriages1390 Words   |  6 PagesLegalization of Same Sex Marriages As a Muslim, in my opinion same sex marriage is not right and same sex marriage should not be legalized. Out of this statement comes the question: what is the purpose and meaning of marriage. Can we ever explain marriage in the context of a bond between two males or two females. Can this relationship be called a â€Å"Marriage†? Whether we disguise this relationship with the label of marriage, does it become accepted into society as a real marriage? Or are we foolingRead MoreThe Legalization of Same Sex Marriage 1623 Words   |  6 Pageshow the citizens value their morals. An every day American would think that being with the same sex is not normal, or is frowned upon. Recent studies show that half of all Americans believe that gay men and lesbians have a constitutional right to marry (Craighill). Same-sex marriage has caused many conflicts around the country and even the world with multiple stand points. World views on same-sex marriage are changing day to day. â€Å"Of the 15 countries worldwide to permit gay men and lesbians to marry

Fashion Styles Of The Fashion Essay - 1326 Words

When people think of fashion, no one thinks about all the genres that come with fashion from the clothing to the designers, fashion has many genres. One genre, in general, is style. Some may call themselves grunge or preppy. There are many fashion genres that people wear, from classic, chic, western and goth. These genres in fashion give a pathway to what people were wearing in previous years like for an example, the 90’s were grunge, and the 70s were bohemian. They also give people the feeling to define themselves as something through style. Without these genres, many fashion designers wouldn’t know what styles are in at the time. There are also genres for different types of fashion brands, like haute couture, high-end, fast fashion. This also gives a great difference between the clothing we wear and the clothing you see on the runway. They are many genres of style, anyone and everyone has one. Style means a lot of things In apparel, it is the characteristic or distinctive appearance of a garment (In Fashion, 8). Also, it’s the manner of something you do like how and what you wear. They are all very different from glamorous to preppy, to African and Asian styles. Over the years style has changed a lot. Back in the 1800’s style for women was very reserved, bland colors and corsets. As years went on women s clothing changed a lot, the dresses became shorter, and the cuts of the clothing were ï ¿ ¼ ï ¿ ¼less restricting. In the 1920s Dresses were flashy and bright. Shorts were notShow MoreRelatedStyles Of Fashion1732 Words   |  7 Pagesmore, resembling a fedora type style. Women would also have a handbag of some sort, jewelry, and make-up with a light tone, matching lipstick and nail polish shade, and eyebrows drawn on, which could be compared to eyebrow shading as some women practice today, to allow more femininity (Glamourpost, 2012, Marketti and Angstman, 2013, Marketti and Tortora, 2015, Riding, 2013, and Young and Young, 2012). Men’s styles had some differences as compared to women’s styles of the era. Starting off withRead MoreFashion Styles Of The 1920s1689 Words   |  7 Pages Have you ever wondered what fashion looked like back in the 1930s and how different it might be from the styles that are around today? Do you ever wonder what the clothing looked like for men and women and how they accessorized? Clothing for both men and women back then was very sharp and elegant looking. There were a variety of clothes and accessories to be worn both during the day and night by everyone. In the 1930s, there were many ideas, icons, and styles that all contributed to the varietyRead MoreHigh Fashion And Streetwear Styles Essay1270 Words   |  6 Pages20 October 2016 High Fashion and Streetwear In modern society there exists an enormous spectrum of fashion, each individual person’s fashion style is heavily influenced by their environment, interests, and many other factors. Among the vast variety of styles present in today’s fashion culture, streetwear and high fashion are two of the most distinctive and prominent styles, having a huge influence on how the general population dresses. High fashion and streetwear are two styles that heavily influenceRead MoreFashion Street Style in Korea2193 Words   |  9 PagesStreet style in South Korea: Individualism or Collectivism? Introduction For the scope of this paper, I am focusing on how South Korean urbanites view fashion as a means of expression and how fashion reflects the values of the Korean urban society. Based on my preliminary observations, I have noticed that Korea has a very distinct street style. I have observed that majority of the people on the streets dress in a similar fashion. Unlike in western societies where street style tends to be more variedRead MoreThe Fashion Style From Early 1800s940 Words   |  4 PagesThe Fashion Style From The Early 1900s: âÅ" ¦ In 1910, Irene Castle, a ballroom dancer, influenced shorter and flowy dresses that allowed her legs to be free âÅ" ¦ In 1910, a tailored suit sold for twenty dollars, while custom-made suits sold for hundreds of dollars âÅ" ¦ In 1910, the Women’s Wear Daily acknowledged a new dress that could be worn all day âÅ" ¦ In the spring of 1910, designers came out with a skirt so tight, women could barely walk âÅ" ¦ In 1914, the shirtwaist was the everyday wear and could be wornRead MoreLife Style Affects Fashion, And Shopping Orientation Essay1494 Words   |  6 Pages2.6 Consumer Psychographic Characteristics 2.6.1 Life style affects fashion, and shopping orientation Lifestyle behaviour is a one of part of the â€Å"AIO† (activities, interests, opinions), which might be determined as a shape of consumption that affects consumer alternatives on how to spend their time and money (Kuruvilla and Joshi, 2010, p. 261; Solomon, 2009, p. 229). Also, lifestyle, as reported in Gutman Mills (1982), has classified fashion apparel lifestyle segments, such as interests, opinionsRead MoreA Matter of Style: Fashion in 17th Century France and New France1020 Words   |  5 PagesQueen Marie Antoinette started a fashion revolution in France when she began ordering and wearing muslin dresses from â€Å"the Americas.† Muslin dresses would have been plentiful during the 1780s when the Queen sought a simpler more comfortable wardrobe. In addition to this, the climate of the southern portion of New France and its islands caused an abundance of cotton to grow and foster a budding fabric industry. This paper compares the fashions of women in 17th century France to those of womenRead MoreThis essay, 1920s vs 1960s, writen in AABB format, deals with the comparison of; general statistics, fashion styles of both men women, music, controversial issues.1502 Words   |  7 Pagesilliteracy rate was at a new low of only 6% of the population during this time period. Yet, despite all the aspects, which today we might see as unfavorable, this decade was full of many new and exciting things. From the way they dressed, to the music styles, and finally to the controversial issues, the 1920s were a nonstop era of change. Yet, as we move ahead to the 1960s, life was very different. There were around 177,830,000 people living in the United States. Unfortunately, as the population increasedRead MoreWhen People Talk About The Word â€Å"Fashion,† It Automobility1676 Words   |  7 Pagesword â€Å"fashion,† it automobility provides a sense of popular styles of clothing, accessories, and makeup. Fashion influences not only on people’s behaviors, but also influences the society as a whole, such as socially and economically. In Adorned in Dreams, the author Elizabeth Wilson, introduces that fashion is a form of art, and people can use fashion to express their ideas, beliefs, and desires. Wilson also introduces the history of fashions in order to prove that people can use fashion to expressRead More Fashion History Essay1345 Words   |  6 PagesHistorically, multiple styles of dressing have been created during the last several decades, which played an important role in modern fashion in the UK. Everyone has a different and unique dressing style in their general life. Some styles are influenced in vintage styles which is attributing to the deep effects of old vogue, and another group of dressing styles are inclined into the fresh element. According to those different styles some of them are even evolved in the milestones in fashion history. To

Ethical Egoism as Moral Theory Free Essays

Thesis: Without a distinct framework, ethical egoism fails as a moral theory to assist moral decision making because it endorses the animalistic nature of humanity, fails to provide a viable solution to a conflict of interest, and is proved to be an evolutionary unstable moral strategy. Outline: Ethical egoism claims that all our actions can be reduced to self-interest. This is a controversial moral theory which sometimes can be detrimental. We will write a custom essay sample on Ethical Egoism as Moral Theory or any similar topic only for you Order Now Without a well-defined framework of the nature of self-interest, ethical egoism enlarges the animalistic nature of humanity in which can result in unfavorable consequences. Ethical egoism also fails to provide a solution when a conflict of interest arises. By only acting out of one’s self interest, ethical egoism also deems to be an evolutionary unstable moral theory. Ethical Egoism As a Moral Theory Identifying fundamental principles about ethics and morality has always been a major concern across humanity as a whole. Many are familiar with statements like those of ‘common sense morality’ and utilitarianism, but perhaps among the most controversial of these statements is ethical egoism. Ethical egoism is a normative theory on how we ought to behave, that we have no moral duty except to do what is best for ourselves. It advocates morality based on self-interest. In Rachels’ Ethical Egoism, the author proposes different arguments in favor and against ethical egoism as a moral theory but only come to a conclusion that ethical egoism is â€Å"unacceptably arbitrary† and fails to treat everyone equally. Without a distinct framework, ethical egoism fails as a moral theory to assist moral decision making because it endorses the animalistic nature of humanity, fails to provide a viable solution to a conflict of interest, and is proved to be an evolutionary unstable moral strategy. Ethical egoism does not provide a moral basis for the nature of self-interest or solving conflicts between people. An ethical theory should set forth a ground such that it can constitute for a principle of morality. We should be able to agree that this theory of ethics is moral and has moral principles. However, in the case of ethical egoism, it advocates that all men ought to act from their self-interest but does not clearly state the nature of the ‘self-interest’. For all we know, when one acts out of his/her self-interest, it can very well be something that is morally incorrect. Does the theory still hold when a rapist raped a girl and think it is in his best interest to kill the girl so he won’t get caught? On a certain level, ethical egoism does not only fail to take into account the nature of ‘self-interest’ but also endorse wrong-doings and mischievousness. In Haidt’s The Felicity of Virtue, the author claims that philosophers like Plato and Kant believe that human beings have a dual nature: part animal and part rational. The animal part follows the law of nature where there is â€Å"no morality† and only causality whereas the rational part â€Å"respect rules of conduct, and so people can be judged morally for the degree to which they respect the right rules† (Haidt, 162). This animal nature illustrates exactly how ethical egoism can endorse selfishness because ethical egoism resides on the animalistic human nature and does not recommend the rational part of human beings. Without a solid ground for moral basis and taking account into rational nature of morality, ethical theory fails to constitute as a moral theory. Ethical theory fails to provide a solution when there is a conflict of interest. A moral theory is a system which we determine the right and wrong conduct, and how we ought to behave in a certain way, however, ethical egoism doesn’t fulfill its duty as a moral theory. Ethical egoism claims that all our actions can be reduced to self-interest and acting against it is immoral. On a larger level, ethical egoism is subjective and in a way somewhat solipsistic. It doesn’t contemplate other’s feelings but our own. If my neighbor is abusing their child everyday, but the act itself does not affect me or do me any harm or good, so according to ethical egoism, it is not in my best interest to interfere. The theory is stated such that each man believes everyone should act out of their best interest, however; it might not be in one’s self interest to have everyone act from the perspective of their self-interests. In fact, Plato used the example of Gyges’ Ring to illustrate that when â€Å"one thinks that he can safely be unjust, there he is unjust, for any men believe in their hearts that injustice is far more profitable to the individual than justice† (Plato, 547). If a starving child and a naughty child both find a candy on the street, it is in both their interest to fight for the candy because eating the candy make them both happy. In this case, who should have the candy? Philosopher Plato’s brother, Glaucon actually hypothesized that egotistic power seeking might be the ‘ideal state of existence’ but quickly refuted because others might seek the same power, â€Å"which would interfere with our freedom and cause a state of chaos in which no one was likely to have any desire fulfilled† (Plato, 545). Plato eventually concludes that we should choose the life of the just even though maybe unfortunate because it is the moral thing to do. Without providing a fundamental principle of what is â€Å"the right thing to do†, ethical egoism fails to provide a solution when there is a conflict of interest. Ethical egoism is an â€Å"evolutionary unstable strategy† according to the Law of Jungles. Ethical egoism proposes that each person ought always to pursue his or her own self-interest exclusively. This idea of self-interest based morality is very much similar to the â€Å"Cheats† mentioned in J. L Mackie’s The Law of Jungles. The author claims that if the population only consists of cheats and suckers, then the Cheats will eventually wipe out the Suckers because Cheats only receive grooming but not vice versa out of their own interest. However, if put together with Grudgers, the Cheats will eventually die out because they are evolutionary unstable. Mackie claims in his piece that â€Å"this strategy is not only evolutionarily stable within a population, it is also viable for a population as a whole† (Mackie, 563). It can be mirrored in our case of ethical egoism that in the modern society, if one acts as a Cheat and acts only out of his or her own best interest, it might lead to unfavorable consequences. By supporting only individual’s self interest, ethical egoism does not serve as an evolutionary stable moral theory. Ethical Egoism has always served as controversial for its advocacy of a self-interest based morality. Many statements disagree with it such as the virtue hypothesis states when â€Å"morality is reduced to the opposite of self-interest†, acting against your self-interest is in your self-interest (Haidt, 164). Although ethical egoism accounts for our selfish and animalistic nature, it fails to provide a framework of the nature of self-interest and what is the right thing to do when a conflict of interest arises. Ethical egoism also proves to be an evolutionary unstable strategy when put in the evolutionary prospective. Without a viable framework, ethical egoism does not constitute as a moral theory. How to cite Ethical Egoism as Moral Theory, Essay examples

Paper Is To Evaluate and Analyze Advocacyâ€Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Paper Is To Evaluate and Analyze Advocacy? Answer: Introduction The main objective of this paper is to evaluate and analyze advocacy policies in the health care sector. Advocacy policies are different from public policies since the advocacy policies are formulated and championed by nongovernmental organizations and other bodies that may be involved or concerned about a particular issue in the health sector(Rollins Hart,2013). Advocacy group identify issues in the health sector in a particular society and take action to bring about change that will solve the problem. This includes calling upon the government to intervene and make programs and policies that will help to resolve the problem. This paper discusses ways in which health issues organization has been able to advocate for policies in the health sector. The policy evaluates the issue of improving quality assurance and safety standards in Victoria. The paper also analyzes ways in which the policy will help in improving health sector among the people of Victoria. The analysis is carried out using the Ottawa charter framework. The Ottawa Charter for Health promotion is an international agreement which was signed at the first International Conference on Health Promotion. It was organized by the World Health Organization and held in Ottawa Canada in November 1986. The agreement launched a series of actions among many organizations in the health sector globally. The local communities and national governments were also involved in implementation of the agreement. The goal of the agreement was to achieve Health For All by the year 2000 and beyond by promoting better health services(Nass, LevitGostin,2009). Background and history of the organization Health issues Center is a nongovernmental organization that operates in Australia. Its membership is community based with most of its members being residents of Victoria. The organization aims at ensuring involvement of consumers in advocating for health issues in Victoria. The organization is involved in many policy advocacy programs as well as health promotion program through training program. WHO is an acronym to World Health Organization which works under the United Nations. The main objective of WHO is promoting and advocating for health issues and formulation of international policies to govern health care sector in order to improve health care services delivery. WHO is a specialized agency under the United Nations and it is concerned with promotion of health globally. It was established in Geneva in the year 1948. It was preceded by Health Organization which was an agency under the League of Nations. WHO has played a major role in eradication of diseases such as small pox. The current priorities of WHO is the fight against communicable diseases like HIV/AIDS, Ebola, and Tuberculosis. The agency is also concerned with nutritional issues, substance and drug abuse, reproductive health, food security and occupational health. In the 1986, UN member countries signed an agreement on promotion of Health. This agreement would later come to be known as the Ottawa charter. The c harter emphasized on the importance of a joint and coordinated effort to promote health across all the member countries. The main areas of focus in the charter include building of health care policies and strengthening community action and participation in Health care. The Ottawa charter therefore is under WHO and its implementation and evaluation has been done by WHO for all the years it has existed. Objectives of improving quality assurance and safety standards in Victorian hospitals The policy of ensuring customers is involved in assessing the quality assurance and safety standards in Victoria. It is important for the consumers of health services who include individuals and family members to be involved in formulation of policies and decision making concerning their health (Talbot Verrinder, 2010). The policy on strengthening quality assurance and safety standards in Victorian hospital aims at ensuring that the quality of services offered to patients is of the highest standards possible. This is because sometimes consumers of medical services are not able to get high quality medical services due to various reasons. Some of these reasons include negligence by hospital staff. By ensuring that the quality and safety standards are improved in Victoria, the number of deaths as a result of poor quality services and poor standards in Victorian hospitals will reduce. Another objective of this policy advocacy is to ensure that patients or consumers of health services are treated in a very clean and hygienic environment. Poor hygiene is one of the leading causes of diseases among many people in Victoria. It is therefore very important that hospitals are able to maintain high levels of hygiene so as to reduce infections in hospitals (McCormick In Blair, 2014). The policy on advocacy for improved quality assurance and standards in Victoria aims at ensuring that consumers of health service get value for their money. The hospitals in Victoria charge a lot of money for medical services. It is therefore important that customers get value for their money. This can only happen by improving quality standards as well as safety in Hospitals (Nay,Garratt Fetherstonhaugh, 2013). Quality medical services will help patients to recover quickly from the illnesses they suffer and after that, they are able to resume their normal lives. By improving safety standards in Victorian hospitals, there will be increased public confidence in the public health sector. This is because the patients will be assured of safety when undergoing operations and other medical procedures that are normally very risky. Achieving improved quality and safety assurance in Victorian hospitals will also help to contribute to positive social and economic change. This is because, good health is an important asset to all people and once the quality standards have been improved in hospitals, it means that Victorians will receive good medical care. Good medical care will ensure that Victorians remain healthy and contribute to development of the society and economy since good health is crucial for productivity. Analysis of contribution of the improvement of quality assurance and safety standards to improving health in Victoria based on Ottawa charter The policy on improving quality assurance and safety standards will help in promotion of improved health policies in Victoria. This is because once the policy issue has been implemented it will contribute to development of other policies in the health sector that will promote improved health standards. The Ottawa charter aimed at promoting advocacy of health policies throughout the world. Good health is a major resource for financial, economic, and personal development. This therefore means various factors that such as behavioral and environmental have either a positive or negative effect on the health of an individual (Healy Dugdale,2009). Through the Ottawa charter WHO aims at promoting and ensuring that these factors are favorable so that the health of all the people can be improved equally. The policy of improving quality assurance and safety standards in all Victorian hospitals will promote coordination between various sectors of the government and private sector which are required to achieve the objective. The Ottawa charter aimed at ensuring coordination of various sectors that contribute to improvement of health. Coordination is important because, there are many other factors that determine health. Ottawa charter promotes mediation and good understanding with governments, media, local community, families, and other social players who are fundamental in fulfilling the overall aim of the charter of Health for All. Professional groups are involved in the integration and coordination of all activities that are geared towards achieving health for all. Ottawa charter also indicates that health promotion programs and policies should be adapted to the needs of the individual countries and community needs (World Health Organization2007). This is because of the economic, soci al and environment differences between regions. Another objective of the charter is building healthy public policy. The charter puts health at the top of the agenda in all sectors and levels of in a community. Health promotion policy by Ottawa and the WHO combines diverse and complimentary approaches which includes legislation, organizational change, and fiscal policies. Taxation is also an important policy issue when it comes to promotion of health (Hughes United States, 2008). This is because if drugs and medicines are highly taxed, it may become difficult for most people to afford basic health services. WHO works with governments to ensure that legislation enacted in each countries promote health needs of the society. By improving quality and safety standards in Victoria, the people of Victoria will have a better say in health care matters by improving community action. Hospitals operate in society and therefore, it is important that the hospitals allow the community in having a say on the safety standards and quality that they desire in their hospitals. This will ensure the health needs of Victorians are fulfilled. Strengthening of community action is another major objective of the Ottawa Charter. In order for the organization to achieve its goal of health for all, it is vital to ensure there is effective community action in decision making and planning. Communities should be empowered to participate actively in promoting their own health needs through training and mentorship (Pairman,2015). The importance of community action in health promotion is that the people living in the community have deeper knowledge of the health issues that they face. In order to solve these problems, it is important t o involve the people in the community since change cannot be achieved without their cooperation. The policy advocacy for improved quality assurance and safety standards in Victorian hospitals will promote personal development. This is in line with the Ottawa charter objective of developing personal skills. Improved quality standards and safety will in improvement of social and personal development through provision of information in health issues affecting the people of Victoria. Improved quality standards will help the people to understand factors that trigger diseases in their life so that they can prevent these diseases(Talbot Verrinder,2010). Through this policy, Victorians will be informed chronic diseases and how they affect their lives as well as ways in which they can be managed. Through the policy of improved quality assurance and safety standards, Victorians will be able to enjoy professional counseling and guidance for patients with psychological issues. The current system focuses on physical injuries only and doers not factor in the psychological effects that some diseases and illnesses have on the patients (Aguirre, Borrell Vega, 2010). This policy will ensure all hospitals have highly trained and equipped psychologists who will offer services to patients in need of psychological support and counseling. This will help people suffering from diseases such as HIV/AIDS and cancer to accept their condition and move on with life while managing the disease to reduce its effects. This is in line with the Ottawa charter which calls for improved health in all sectors not only physical injuries and illnesses. The charter aimed at ensuring all people receive sufficient and necessary health care at all times and therefore, this policy will contribute towards achievem ent of that objective. The policy on advocacy for improved quality assurance and safety standards will help to ensure all the people living in Victoria receive quality medical services irrespective of their income levels and social status. This will be attained since all the hospitals will be required to adhere to the standards that will be set by the relevant authorities in collaboration with other stakeholders in the health sector (Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care, 2011). All the hospitals will be required to implement all measures outlined in the policy to improve quality standards and therefore irrespective of the reputation of a hospital, it will offer services that meet the required threshold. This policy is aligned perfectly with the Ottawa charter objective of ensuring equality in health promotion. The charter aimed at ensuring that people of all economic backgrounds, social backgrounds and all races get equal opportunities and services that will help to promote their heal th. Therefore even the people of Victoria who are not capable of paying for expensive medical services will be subjected to almost the same safety and quality standards as the rich receiving the same services in a reputable medical facility. This policy on improvement of quality assurance and safety standards in Victorian hospitals will contribute immensely to prevention of diseases among the Victorian population. This will be achieved since improved quality standards in Victorian hospitals will involve providing patients with important advice and information that will help them to prevent some diseases. Information dissemination is important in the health care alone and treatment is not the only role of hospitals in Australia (Hanlon, Carlisle Lyon, 2012). Therefore, hospitals should take all the necessary steps and actions to educate patients on ways in which they can prevent the occurrence of disease such as Cholera, typhoid and other common diseases which are preventable (Willis, Reynolds Keleher, 2009). This policy will therefore reduce the instances of sicknesses which will help to reduce congestion in hospital in Victoria as well as reducing death and suffering among Victorians. The Ottawa charter prioritizes sen sitization and equipping people with the right and sufficient information as one of the ways by which health for all can be achieved. Therefore the new policy will ensure patients are provided with all the right information and advice which will help to prevent diseases among Victorians. This will be a major step towards achieving the overall objective of Health for All. Recommendations The government should ensure that all hospitals in Victoria have very highly trained qualified and competent medical staff. This is because the competence and experience of medicals staff is very crucial in achieving improved quality and safety standards in Victoria. The life of patients is usually in the hands of doctors and other medical staff and therefore, it is important to ensure that all the people working in Victorian hospitals are highly trained and qualified (Cattaneo, 2010) The government should ensure fair distribution of resources so as to promote improved quality and safety standards. Not all hospitals in Victoria will afford the resources to meet all the quality assurance standards and therefore it is important for the government to intervene and offer support to smaller hospitals so that they dont find themselves in a disadvantaged position. Government should ensure that all the hospitals uses medical technology and machines which are up to date and well function. This will help to reduce cases of misdiagnosis and also improve general medical care in Victoria. The government should appoint a board to oversee the implementation of all the requirements in the new Quality assurance standards in Victorian hospitals. This will ensure that the does not remain a policy in paper but also ensure that its implemented and its objectives are met. Conclusion Quality assurance and safety standards are important policy issue not only in Victoria but also in the whole of Australia. It is important that the government keeps on reviewing quality assurance and safety standards in hospitals so as to make sure that all the arising issues are catered for in the new standards and safety requirements. This paper analyzes the policy issue of quality assurance and safety standards in Victoria and how the implementation of this policy could help achieve the goals outlined in the Ottawa charter. The paper also highlights the possible courses of action that the government can take to improve health care in relation to this advocacy issue. 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